Introduction
At the Doha Forum on December 7, 2024, I watched as the official delegations from Türkiye, Arab nations, Iran, and Russia moved from one meeting to another. Meanwhile, on the frontlines, the Syrian opposition forces had already advanced into Aleppo, then Hama, and finally Homs: a critical turning point. However, few believed they would reach Damascus. Then, the following day, it was announced that Bashar al-Assad and his inner circle had fled the country. That morning, I received the news that after 13 years of immense struggle and heavy sacrifices, the Assad regime had fallen. Thus, the Syrian revolution had concluded: unexpectedly, at its bleakest and most stagnant phase with significantly less bloodshed than predicted.
