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President Xi Jinping’s Perception of the Main Entities in Technological Innovation and China’s Technological Innovation System

China has developed a distinct technological innovation system through its innovation-driven development strategy, positioning enterprises as key drivers. Different enterprise types contribute uniquely, while national laboratories lead in frontier research. The country is restructuring State Key Laboratories and strengthening discipline-based ones. Research institutes and universities form the core of scientific advancement and talent cultivation, with mission-driven institutions addressing major national challenges. Key regions like Beijing, Shanghai, and the Greater Bay Area are being developed into global innovation hubs with broad influence. This commentary will analyze these components in detail.

President Xi Jinping s Perception of the Main Entities in
 

 

 

 

Introduction

 

In advancing the innovation-driven development strategy and the strategy of building China into a great country in science and technology, President Xi Jinping of the People’s Republic of China has elaborated comprehensively on a series of fundamental and critical issues concerning scientific and technological innovation, gradually evolving a systematic vision for advancing innovation in science and technology. One of its essential tenets is the proactive cultivation of dynamic innovation entities –such as enterprises, research institutes and universities, national laboratories, and sci-tech innovation hubs– which together form the core of China’s technological innovation system.

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